BODY : It is made of forged steel and have high tensile strength at high speeds. It is case hardened hardness 40-45 HRC.
BASE JAWS / TOP JAWS : These are made of Nickle Chrome alloy steel. These are case hardened, hardness 56-60 HRC.
WEDGE / PISTON : It is made of Nickel Chrome alloy steel, case hardened and precision ground hardness 56-60 HRC. It is designed to bear high forces.

TECHNICAL FEATURES :
- Steel Body with all wearing surfaces are hardened and ground.
- Complete system of internal lubrication with grease.
- Repetitive Gripping Accuracy is with in 0.050mm in Hard Jaws and 0.020mm in Soft Jaws.
- Safety system is provided in unlikely cases of accidental breakage.
- Serrations for mounting jaws are precision ground and are available in 1/16”x90° and 1.5mm x 60° pitch.
- Maximum recommended speeds are based on the speed at which 20% of the static gripping force is lost due to centrifugal force.

Guide to Cutting and Gripping Force The advancement of cutting tool technology has enabled us to produce the machines with high speed machining. To match this age of high speeds, the chucks for the machines required high gripping force at high speeds. Therefore it is very important to know the following: 1. The cutting forces on the job at a particular speeds and feeds. 2. Required draw bar pull to provide the initial gripping force on the jaws. 3. The static gripping force on chuck and at given speed.

In any machining operation number of factors affect the gripping force. Some of them are given below. 1. Surface condition of component. 2. Jaws clamping surface plain or serrated etc. 3. Weight of the Jaws. 4. Draw bar pull. 5. Lubrication type. 6. Chuck condition. 7. Length of gripping surface. 8. Speed of chuck. Every point given above has its own role in gripping force. It is advisable for the user to keep in mind the following formula for calculating the centrifugal force: CF = 0.102 x W x r (p x S)   30

Where CF = Centrifugal Force. W = Weight of Base Jaws and Top Jaws. S = Operating Speed. r = Radius of center of gravity. After calculating the centrifugal force, the Gripping Force at a given speed will be calculated with the following formula : GF = GS ± CF where GF = Gripping force at given speed. GS = Gripping force when chuck is stationary. CF = Centrifugal Force. + (plus) for Internal Gripping - (minus) for External Gripping It is advisable that the Gripping force at given speeds should be at least 1.5/2.0 times of the cutting force, depending upon the constructional rigidity of the job.

Elements of Power Chucking System The power chucking system consists of the following: 1. Power Chuck 2. Power source an actuating source (Hydraulic / Pneumatic Cylinder) 3. Connecting Rod (Draw Bar / Pipe) 4. Power Pack The chuck is mounted at the front end and hydraulic / pneumatic cylinder at the rear end of the headstock. The chuck and cylinder is connected to each other by a connecting rod. Two pipes from the power pack are connected for each chamber of cylinder. One drain pipe is also connected to cylinder and reservoir to return the leakage oil.